Allergies and Allergic conditions of eyes - allergic conjunctivitis causes, tests, treatment and allergy eye drops
Allergic conjunctivitis or eye allergy happens when your eyes get exposed to allergy causing substances and your immune system overreacts to it. These substances usually do not harm the non-allergic person. There is increased tears secretion from the eyes that produce burning in the eyes. The eyes become red, irritated, and swollen due to the release of chemical substances known as histamine so the use of anti-histamines is recommended for relief from itching and symptoms.
⦁ Acute Allergic Conjunctivitis
⦁ Seasonal Allergic Conjunctivitis
⦁ Vernal Allergic Kerato-conjunctivitis (A more severe form that involves your cornea also)
⦁ Atopic Allergic Conjunctivitis
The following things can trigger your eye allergy
⦁ Pollens
⦁ Dust
⦁ Dust mites
⦁ Mold
⦁ Smoke
⦁ Irritants like perfume
⦁ Fungus
Symptoms occur as soon as your eyes come in contact with an allergen and involve both eyes. You can feel the following symptoms in your eyes
⦁ Redness and irritation at a time in both eyes
⦁ Burning sensation in your eyes
⦁ Swollen eyelids
⦁ Excessive tear production
⦁ Pain in the severe form of eye allergies
⦁ Foreign body feeling in eyes
Eye allergy happens on exposure to a particular substance and can happen during any time of year. Seasonal form of eye allergy happens during a specific time of year, mostly in the spring season and summer seasons. Its severity can range from minor irritation to severe forms that cause intense pain and itching.
This is the most common form of eye allergy that happens during the spring and summer seasons. It is caused by pollens and happens during pollen-shedding months. Most of the time it is associated with hay fever and runny nose and sneezing called allergic rhinitis.
This is potentially a severe form that happens during the spring season and happens in boys mostly that have a family history in many cases. Symptoms are more severe and include the formation of giant papillae in the eye and lids that can increase in size. Need medical intervention as early as possible.
It is caused immediately by exposure to an allergen like dust or cosmetic products. You can be allergic to medicines and contact lenses so use them with care. These substances irritate your eyes and can happen any time of the year.
This form of allergy can last long to many months and it is caused mostly by the substances that are present in our atmosphere throughout the year. It is mostly associated with asthma, nasal allergy, and skin allergy. It needs intervention for all the other associated systems of the body.
It ranges from minor irritation, redness, and increased tear production that does not affect your eyes much and can be treated easily. Other forms are severe that caused mucous and thick secretions in the eyes and the formation of papilla and ulcers on the cornea that causes scarring so it needs to be treated effectively as it can affect your vision if not treated effectively.
The best method of prevention is to find out the cause of the allergy and avoid the allergen.
⦁ Keep your eyes clean
⦁ Wear spectacles when you are in a dusty place
⦁ Maintain hygiene of your contact lenses and do not wear contact lenses if you have irritation
⦁ Use a mask to avoid dust and pollen allergy
⦁ Keep pets out of your room and keep them clean
⦁ Maintain your cleanliness. Stay away from dust and cover your nose and eyes during exposure to dust
⦁ Do not rub your eyes.
Diagnosis depends mainly on your symptoms and signs. Your medical history of other allergies and associated rhinitis and hay fever is important to diagnose eye allergy.
Treatment is mainly anti-allergic drops (allergy eye drops) that include anti-histamines and mast cell stabilizers that your ophthalmologist suggests you. Artificial tears are used to keep eyes hydrated. Steroid drops can be given in severe form but they have side effects of causing glaucoma so use them only on your ophthalmologist recommendation. Severe forms of eye allergy are treated with oral medications.
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